The field has progressed from accelerator beams that strike stationary targets to accelerators with. A principal goal of the national npb program is to assess the feasibility of using. The dual beamlet monitor system is applied to the measurement of the beamlet in the neutral beam test stand at national institute for fusion science nifsnbts, in which the beam accelerator is. High energy and high power negative ion sources and accelerators have been developed for neutral beam nb injectors of future fusion machines such as international thermonuclear experimental reactor iter. Charged particle beams diverge rapidly due to mutual repulsion, so neutral particle beams are more commonly proposed. This accelerator shares several characteristics with the accelerator required by the diagnostic neutral beam dnb 10 for operation in hydrogen, so that the initial development of the accelerator has been performed in parallel with that of the dnb. Laserdriven acceleration of neutral particles nature. The accelerators used by ebeam services are direct current, which provide a continuous versus a pulsed beam. The ion optics of ion source accelerator was simulated using the igun code. Singap and mamug, the former being developed by the irfm, cadarache, france, the latter by jaea, naka, japan. The beam is then neutralized in order to obtain a focused 17 mw neutral beam. This article describes the physics of particle production in a target and manipulation of the particles to derive a neutrino beam, as well as numerous innovations achieved at. Beam parameter of the mev accelerator was increased to 980 kev, 185 am 2 427 ma, which is close to the requirement of iter accelerator 1 mev, 200 am 2. Its function is to deliver highenergy particles to the heart of the plasma.
These ion sources have performed with high availability and reliability since 1987. Neutral beam injection with an improved accelerator for. You cant steer or redirect that beam to any great degree so. Results of the singap neutral beam accelerator experiment. The tetrode accelerator with slot apertures was employed on the neutral beam injector nbi for the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak east. Nov 01, 2015 read upgrade of accelerator of high current ion source for east neutral beam injector, fusion engineering and design on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. The heating neutral beam injectors hnbs of iter are designed to deliver 16. Typical highenergy negative ion electrostatic accelerators such as the ones. A neutralparticlebeam weapon ionizes atoms by either stripping an electron off of each atom, or by allowing each atom to capture an extra electron. There are several different methods to accelerate electrons to form a beam. As the result, the beam deflection was compensated and the voltage holding during the beam acceleration was improved. The diiid tokamak utilizes seven neutral beam ion sources for plasma heating and current drive. A numerical study of the transport of beam particles through the accelerator using these realistic geometries for the input beam is presented here. Electron beam technolgy application accelerators have enormous opportunities to be used for the wide range of applications to improve the standard of human life.
Figure 5 shows the acceleration energy dependence of cluster beam current after the improvement of the accelerator. A workshop to discuss physics opportunities with a kaon beam at jefferson lab will be held feb. The mitica neutral injector test facility will be constituted by a rfdriven negative ion source and by an electrostatic accelerator, designed to produce a negative ion with a specific energy up to 1 mev. Over 250 iba industrial accelerators are used in the world today.
This article describes the physics of particle production in a target and manipulation of the particles to derive a neutrino beam, as well as numerous innovations achieved at past experimental facilities. Control and calculation of the titanium sublimation. Recently a version of the singap accelerator has been tested on the. To fulfil these requirements, the neutral beam injector nbi must provide a current up to 40a of negative ions accelerated up to 1mv. Using a 5stage electrostatic accelerator, negative ion beam has been successfully accelerated up to the energy. Dualenergy electron beams from a compact laserdriven. Read upgrade of accelerator of high current ion source for east neutral beam injector, fusion engineering and design on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Iter accelerator 9 because of the large size of these. Rosenzweig fundamentals of beam physics rosenzweig 2 2 this book presents beam physics using a unified approach, emphasizing basic concepts and analysis methods. Results of the singap neutral beam accelerator experiment at. Instead, doe simply established the need for a continuous electron beam accelerator with a capacity of at least 1 gev, and then chose from among five proposals that were sent in unsolicited. Ground test acceleratorneutral particle beam space experiment listed as gtanpbse. Citeseerx technological aspects of the different schemes.
Iter is planning two onemillionvolt mv, 40a heating neutral beam injectors and is making a space reservation for a possible third as well as a smaller neutral beam line 100 kv, 60a for diagnostic. The precise selection and manipulation of the pik beam control the energy spectrum and type of neutrino beam. The continuous electron beam accelerator facility cebaf is to be the most delicate probe in the world for examining the tiniest particles of matter. They are typically giant structures with one or two small rooms where the particle beam is actually delivered. Voltage holding study of 1 mev accelerator for iter neutral. Introduction ion beam applications iba is a small belgian company producing particle accelerators. While many existing resources in beams and accelerators are specialized to aid the professional practitioner, this text. The accelerator has a combination of a steering grid with racetrack shaped aperture and multislot grounded grid to improve the beam optics. Apr 29, 2012 to demonstrate neutral beam acceleration we used our laser system to create a chirped lattice to accelerate argon atoms that were initially confined in a standard magnetooptical trap mot in a. The ion source and accelerator will be similar to those of the iterlike injector. The energy of each beam can be individually adjusted over a. Each injector of the iter neutral beam system will deliver a power up to 16.
When these neutral particles are ionized by collision with the plasma particles, they are kept in the plasma by the confining magnetic field, and can transfer most of their energy by further collisions with. Particle accelerators as they currently exist would be terrible weapons. Ground test acceleratorneutral particle beam space. The beamline components are the components located downstream of the accelerator, within the neutral beam vacuum vessels. A very important component of iter and of tokamaks in general is the neutral beam injector nbi, a device whose purpose is the production of an energetic beam of neutral. Continuous electron beam accelerator facility delivers beam. The accelerators used by e beam services are direct current, which provide a continuous versus a pulsed beam. It is ground test acceleratorneutral particle beam space experiment.
Cryogenic cooling tests of a neutral particle beam. Laserdriven acceleration of neutral particles nature photonics. The beam profiles, portthrough, rates and injection powers obtained with an improved accelerator with the multislot grounded grid are described. Status of the iter neutral beam injector project and accelerator optimization v. Overview of the design of the iter heating neutral beam injectors.
To date, all nbi systems were based on positive precursor ion beams. Neutral beam the system that makes the tokamak feel small. Although neutral beam injection is routinely used for plasma heating in fusion devices. Continuous electron beam accelerator facility delivers beam to all four of its experimental areas simultaneously. Optimization of the accelerators for the iter neutral beam. Neutral beam injectornbifor the demo fusion reactor, is currently. As an example, our accelerators operate in the same way as a traditional cathode. Iters most powerful external heating system neutral beam injectionwill be tested in advance of operation at the neutral beam test facility nbtf in padua, italy. A very important component of iter and of tokamaks in general is the neutral beam injector nbi, a device whose purpose is the production of an energetic beam of neutral particles capable to sustain the fusion reactions inside the reactor vessel. As the ions fall, the electric field does work on them. Pdf since the main features of the design of the neutral beam nb system for the international thermonuclear.
This expertise comes from the planning, building, maintaining and operating of the continuous electron beam accelerator facility cebaf the labs particle accelerator. The voltage holding in the 1 mv iter neutral beam accelerator is recognized to be one of the most critical issues for long lasting beam operation, due to the complex electrostatic structure formed. This is done dropping the positively charged ions towards negative plates. Iba industrial supplies complete irradiation solutions. Iter include the use of high power neutral beam nb. A tandem accelerator for producing a beam of positively charged particles in which the positive ion producing and accelerating region of the apparatus is operated under vacuum conditions. When these neutral particles are ionized by collision with the plasma particles, they are kept in the plasma by the confining magnetic field, and can transfer. Citeseerx development of multimega watt negative ion.
This accelerator shares several characteristics with the accelerator required by the diagnostic neutral beam dnb 10 for operation in hydrogen, so that the. Make clean air and water for our life through the accelerator. In order to improve the injection power, the new beam accelerator with multislot. From collimator assembly to beam delivery systems, we can provide oneoff custom hardware up through contract manufacturing services for the serial production of standard products involving this technology. In the 90s there has been impressive progress in negative ion sources and accelerators with. Concepts for the magnetic design of the mitica neutral. A wide variety of manufacturers, distributors and service companies are featured in our extensive vertical directory to allow ease sourcing and research for accelerators. In order to optimize the beam performance of high current ion source, the plasma grid of accelerator is replaced from circular cross section grid to diamond cross section grid. The neutral beam injectors on mast use titanium sublimation pumps. Analysis of ion beam optics of tetrode accelerator for. Voltage holding study of 1 mev accelerator for iter.
Since then, advances in technology have driven a millionfold increase in accelerator energies, which now exceed 3 trillion volts. Upgrade of accelerator of high current ion source for east. However, components of the ion sources, especially the grids of the accelerator, have since developed hardware failures either due to old age or fabrication defects. Status of the iter neutral beam injector project and. This document is the third volume of a 3 volume safety analysis report on the ground test accelerator gta. Beam delivery and accelerator keller technology corporation. Gtanpbse ground test acceleratorneutral particle beam space experiment. The main requirements of this accelerator are a current of 60 a hand later 40 a.
Neutral beam the system that makes the tokamak feel small iter. The field has progressed from accelerator beams that strike stationary targets to accelerators with counterrotating beams called colliders. Transport of realistic beams in iter neutral beam injector. A 4 mw high current ion source was developed for experimental advanced superconducting tokamak east neutral beam injector. The energy of each beam can be individually adjusted over a wide range and. Neutral beam injection with an improved accelerator for lhd. A neutral beam injector is essentially a particle accelerator. A neutral particle beam weapon ionizes atoms by either stripping an electron off of each atom, or by allowing each atom to capture an extra electron. The conversion system for miticas acceleration grid power supply. Each component is designed to be able to cope with the expected power with assumed beam and beamlet characteristics. Design of electric and magnetic components of a negative ion. Research, design, and development needed to realise a neutral. The work of this phd thesis has been developed inside the framework of magnetic confinement thermonuclear fusion and is connected in particular to the major worldwide experiment in this context, the future tokamak iter. Jan 19, 2018 continuous electron beam accelerator facility delivers beam to all four of its experimental areas simultaneously.
Jefferson lab is recognized as a world leader in accelerator science. Performance of a diiid neutral beam ion source with a new. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Physics with neutral kaon beam at jlab workshop february, 2016 thomas jefferson national accelerator facility newport news, va.
Neutral beam injection is an efficient heating mechanism and it has the current drive efficiency required in a reactor. A high pumping speed is required in neutral beam injectors to minimise reionisation of the neutral beams. Iters most powerful external heating systemneutral beam injectionwill be tested in advance of operation at the neutral beam test facility nbtf in padua, italy. Conceptual design of the beam source for the demo neutral beam. Using a 5stage electrostatic accelerator, negative ion beam has been successfully accelerated up to the energy of 1 mev, which is the required energy for iter. The ion optics is very important for an accelerator. Neutral beam injection nbi, ist ein verfahren, um ein magnetisch eingeschlossenes plasma zu erhitzen. Analysis of the two accelerator concepts foreseen for the neutral. The simulations are performed with a new 3d particleincell monte carlo collision code called onac orsay negative ion accelerator.
Iba chemin du cyclotron 3, b48 louvainlaneuve, belgium 1. Design of electric and magnetic components of a negative. Iba industrial is the world leader in electron and proton accelerators for industrial applications such as medical device sterilization, food pasteurization, cable crosslinking, property enhancement, safety and detection, etc. Neutral beams were generated from four kinds of new metal nozzle. The charged particles are then accelerated, and neutralized again by adding or removing electrons afterwards. Ground test acceleratorneutral particle beam space experiment how is ground test acceleratorneutral particle beam. Neutral beam injection nbi is one method used to heat plasma inside a fusion device consisting in a beam of highenergy neutral particles that can enter the magnetic confinement field. Private sector accelerator applications, such as oncology, medical imaging, and homeland security. The accelerator baseline design is based on a five grids system which can be adapted to operate with three grids for initial operations at low voltage 500 kv. Jefferson lab physics with neutral kaon beam at jlab. May 20, 2014 there are several different methods to accelerate electrons to form a beam. The optimal beam optics is obtained at the voltage ratio of 16. Continuous electron beam accelerator facility delivers. Jun 01, 2009 read results of the singap neutral beam accelerator experiment at jaea, fusion engineering and design on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
Pdf conceptual design of the demo neutral beam injectors. Cryogenic cooling tests of a neutral particle beam accelerator component 881110 due to the need to reduce the power requirements and thus the weight of large spacebased neutral particle beam npb space platforms, current systems studies propose that these npb accelerators be maintained at cryogenic temperature levels. Status of the iter heating neutral beam system iopscience. To demonstrate neutral beam acceleration we used our laser system to create a chirped lattice to accelerate argon atoms that were initially confined in. Neutral beam injection nbi is one method used to heat plasma inside a fusion device. Optimization of the accelerators for the iter neutral beam injector project vanni antoni, piero agostinetti, marco cavenago1, hubert p.
1480 114 390 425 709 917 109 190 397 1477 1021 917 39 1322 1079 386 746 1439 57 783 372 1199 1357 1152 716 904 1010 34 404 1310 1063 1009 12 329 1080 1057 158 1252 327